--- title: The Normans did not ban English; it lived on and took in thousands o… — Where English came from · tree and pragmatics description: The Normans did not ban English; it lived on and took in thousands of French words, becoming Middle English, spoken from about 1100 to 1500. Who acts: Normans, house. A sentence of the lesson «Where English came from» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Where English came from](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/) / 11 # Where English came from, sentence 11 The Normans did not ban English; it lived on and took in thousands of French words, becoming Middle English, spoken from about 1100 to 1500. **Who acts:** Normans, house · **What happens:** not ban, live on, take, become, speak · **To what, where:** English, thousands, Middle English, 1100 · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Where English came from» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Normans, house), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:022-where-english-came-from.lesson:11 # text = The Normans did not ban English; it lived on and took in thousands of French words, becoming Middle English, spoken from about 1100 to 1500. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 022-where-english-came-from.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Normans Norman PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 ban ban VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 7 ; ; PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 8 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 9 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 10 on on ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 becoming become VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 12 advcl _ _ 20 Middle Middle PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 21 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 xcomp _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 spoken speak VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 acl _ _ 24 from from ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 about about ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 1100 1100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 obl _ _ 27 to to ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 1500 1500 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 26 nmod _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **ban** | past · do-support | the Normans | English | | | | | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer english=Theme | | 2 | **live on** | past | house | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **take** | past | house *not said here* | | | thousands of French words | | | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in thousand=Location | | 4 | **become** | gerund | house *not said here* | | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle | | Middle English *not said here* | | 1100 to 1500 | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:022-where-english-came-from.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Where English came from, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/10/) - next →: [Where English came from, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/)