--- title: Between about 1400 and 1700 English vowel sounds changed a lot (the… — Where English came from · tree and pragmatics description: Between about 1400 and 1700 English vowel sounds changed a lot (the Great Vowel Shift): "bite" was once said a bit like "beet" and "house" a bit like "hoose". Who acts: English vowel sounds. A sentence of the lesson «Where English came from» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Where English came from](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/) / 14 # Where English came from, sentence 14 Between about 1400 and 1700 English vowel sounds changed a lot (the Great Vowel Shift): "bite" was once said a bit like "beet" and "house" a bit like "hoose". **Who acts:** English vowel sounds · **What happens:** change, say · **To what, where:** lot, bite · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Where English came from» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (English vowel sounds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:022-where-english-came-from.lesson:14 # text = Between about 1400 and 1700 English vowel sounds changed a lot (the Great Vowel Shift): "bite" was once said a bit like "beet" and "house" a bit like "hoose". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 022-where-english-came-from.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Between between ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 about about ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 1400 1400 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 obl _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 1700 1700 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 conj _ _ 6 English English ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 7 vowel vowel NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 9 changed change VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 lot lot NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:obj 12 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 16 punct _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 14 Great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 15 Vowel vowel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 16 Shift shift NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 appos _ _ 17 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 16 punct _ _ 18 : : PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 19 " " PUNCT `` _ 20 punct _ _ 20 bite bite NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj:pass _ _ 21 " " PUNCT '' _ 20 punct _ _ 22 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 aux:pass _ _ 23 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 24 advmod _ _ 24 said say VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBD:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 bit bit NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl:unmarked _ _ 27 like like ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 " " PUNCT `` _ 29 punct _ _ 29 beet beet NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:nmod 30 " " PUNCT '' _ 29 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 32 " " PUNCT `` _ 33 punct _ _ 33 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 34 " " PUNCT '' _ 33 punct _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 bit bit NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=39:obl:unmarked 37 like like ADP IN _ 39 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=39:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_ 38 " " PUNCT `` _ 39 punct _ _ 39 hoose hoose ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 ccomp _ _ 40 " " PUNCT '' _ 39 punct _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | past | English vowel sounds | a lot | | | | between 1400 | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past · passive | | bite | | | | like beet and house; a bit *obl:unmarked*; once *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:022-where-english-came-from.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Where English came from, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/13/) - next →: [Where English came from, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/)