--- title: Shakespeare's plays are the earliest written record found so far for… — Where English came from · tree and pragmatics description: Shakespeare's plays are the earliest written record found so far for some words, like "bedroom" and "eyeball"; many may already have been spoken, so "first recorded" does not always mean "invented". Who acts: Shakespeare. A sentence of the lesson «Where English came from» of the language course of M --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Where English came from](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/) / 17 # Where English came from, sentence 17 Shakespeare's plays are the earliest written record found so far for some words, like "bedroom" and "eyeball"; many may already have been spoken, so "first recorded" does not always mean "invented". **Who acts:** Shakespeare · **What happens:** write, be, speak, record, not mean, invent · **To what, where:** earliest written record, many · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Where English came from» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shakespeare), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:022-where-english-came-from.lesson:17 # text = Shakespeare's plays are the earliest written record found so far for some words, like "bedroom" and "eyeball"; many may already have been spoken, so "first recorded" does not always mean "invented". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 022-where-english-came-from.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Shakespeare Shakespeare PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod:poss _ _ 2 's 's PART POS _ 1 case _ _ 3 plays play NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 6 earliest early ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 8 amod _ _ 7 written write VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 amod _ _ 8 record record NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 9 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 acl _ _ 10 so so ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 9 advmod _ _ 12 for for ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 14 det _ _ 14 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 16 like like ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 " " PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 18 bedroom bedroom NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 19 " " PUNCT '' _ 18 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 21 " " PUNCT `` _ 22 punct _ _ 22 eyeball eyeball NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 conj _ _ 23 " " PUNCT '' _ 22 punct _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 25 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 nsubj:pass _ _ 26 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 27 already already ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 28 have have AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 30 aux _ _ 29 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 30 aux:pass _ _ 30 spoken speak VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 40 parataxis _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 32 so so ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 33 " " PUNCT `` _ 35 punct _ _ 34 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 35 advmod _ _ 35 recorded record VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 40 csubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=30:conj 36 " " PUNCT '' _ 35 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=18:punct 37 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 38 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 40 advmod _ _ 39 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 40 advmod _ _ 40 mean mean VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 parataxis _ _ 41 " " PUNCT `` _ 42 punct _ _ 42 invented invent VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 40 ccomp _ _ 43 " " PUNCT '' _ 42 punct _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **write** | participle | | | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | | the earliest written record *not said here* | | | | far, find *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | may · perfect · passive | | many | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **record** *in a quote* | participle | | | | | | first *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **not** **mean** | present · do-support | | | | | | always *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **invent** *in a quote* | participle | | | | | | | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **play** | | Shakespeare | | | | | | nom play «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:022-where-english-came-from.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Where English came from, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/16/) - next →: [Where English came from, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/22-where-english-came-from/)