--- title: Latin, the old language of Rome and of European learning, keeps givi… — Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin · tree and pragmatics description: Latin, the old language of Rome and of European learning, keeps giving words too: "video", "audio", "a.m." and "bus" all come from it. Who acts: Latin, all. A sentence of the lesson «Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/) / 3 # Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin, sentence 3 Latin, the old language of Rome and of European learning, keeps giving words too: "video", "audio", "a.m." and "bus" all come from it. **Who acts:** Latin, all · **What happens:** keep, give, come · **To what, where:** words, bus This is a sentence of the lesson «Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Latin, all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:023-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin.lesson:3 # text = Latin, the old language of Rome and of European learning, keeps giving words too: "video", "audio", "a.m." and "bus" all come from it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 023-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Latin Latin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=13:nsubj|HaikuPos=PROPN:JJ:Number=Sing 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 appos _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 Rome Rome PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 European European ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 learning learning NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 13 keeps keep VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 14 giving give VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 13 xcomp _ _ 15 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 16 too too ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:advmod 17 : : PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 18 " " PUNCT `` _ 19 punct _ _ 19 video video NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound _ _ 20 " " PUNCT '' _ 19 punct _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 " " PUNCT `` _ 23 punct _ _ 23 audio audio NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:appos 24 " " PUNCT '' _ 23 punct _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 26 " " PUNCT `` _ 27 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=19:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 27 a.m. a.m. NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 parataxis _ _ 28 " " PUNCT '' _ 27 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 30 " " PUNCT `` _ 31 punct _ _ 31 bus bus NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 32 " " PUNCT '' _ 31 punct _ _ 33 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 34 nsubj _ _ 34 come come VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 35 from from ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obl _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **keep** | present | Latin | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **give** | gerund | Latin *not said here* | words | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme | | 3 | **come** | present | all | bus | | bus | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from it=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:023-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/2/) - next →: [Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/)