--- title: "Sky", "skin", "skull" and "egg" came from Old Norse, the language o… — Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin · tree and pragmatics description: "Sky", "skin", "skull" and "egg" came from Old Norse, the language of the Vikings, who settled in England from about 800 AD; a word starting with sk- is often Norse. Who acts: Sky, Vikings, word. A sentence of the lesson «Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin» of the language course of Mova's prim --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/) / 6 # Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin, sentence 6 "Sky", "skin", "skull" and "egg" came from Old Norse, the language of the Vikings, who settled in England from about 800 AD; a word starting with sk- is often Norse. **Who acts:** Sky, Vikings, word · **What happens:** come, settle, start, be · **To what, where:** Old Norse, England This is a sentence of the lesson «Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sky, Vikings, word), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:023-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin.lesson:6 # text = "Sky", "skin", "skull" and "egg" came from Old Norse, the language of the Vikings, who settled in England from about 800 AD; a word starting with sk- is often Norse. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 023-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 Sky sky NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:conj 3 " " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 5 " " PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=6:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 6 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 7 " " PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 9 " " PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=2:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 10 skull skull NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 11 " " PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 13 " " PUNCT `` _ 14 punct _ _ 14 egg egg NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 15 " " PUNCT '' _ 14 punct _ _ 16 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 17 from from ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 Old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 Norse Norse PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 appos _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 Vikings viking PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 22 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 28 nsubj _ _ 28 settled settle VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:acl:relcl 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 England England PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 31 from from ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 about about ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 33 800 800 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 28 obl _ _ 34 AD ad NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nmod:unmarked _ _ 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 44 punct _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nsubj _ _ 38 starting start VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 37 acl _ _ 39 with with ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 sk sk NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 41 - - PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 42 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 cop _ _ 43 often often ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 44 Norse norse ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 conj _ _ 45 . . PUNCT . _ 16 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | Sky | | | Old Norse | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from norse=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **settle** | past | the Vikings | | | England | | from 800 AD | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in england=Location | | 3 | **start** | gerund | a word *not said here* | | | | | with sk | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with sk=Subeventuality | | 4 | **is** | present | a word | | | | | norse, often *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:023-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/5/) - next →: [Borrowed words: French, Norse and Latin, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/23-borrowed-words-french-norse-and-latin/)