--- title: "Kowtow" comes from Chinese for "knock head", a deep bow touching th… — Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chi… · tree and pragmatics description: "Kowtow" comes from Chinese for "knock head", a deep bow touching the forehead to the ground; in English it now means being too eager to obey. Who acts: Kowtow, deep bow, forehead. A sentence of the lesson «Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more» of the language cou --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, A…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/) / 11 # Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more, sentence 11 "Kowtow" comes from Chinese for "knock head", a deep bow touching the forehead to the ground; in English it now means being too eager to obey. **Who acts:** Kowtow, deep bow, forehead · **What happens:** come, touch, mean, be, obey · **To what, where:** deep bow, Chinese, forehead · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kowtow, deep bow, forehead), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:024-borrowed-words-from-far-away.lesson:11 # text = "Kowtow" comes from Chinese for "knock head", a deep bow touching the forehead to the ground; in English it now means being too eager to obey. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 024-borrowed-words-from-far-away.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 Kowtow kowtow PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 3 " " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 4 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Chinese Chinese PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 7 for for ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 " " PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 9 knock knock NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 11 " " PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 deep deep ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 bow bow NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 16 touching touch VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 15 acl _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 forehead forehead NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 to to ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 26 now now ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 28 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 30 cop _ _ 29 too too ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 30 eager eager ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 ccomp _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 obey obey VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 xcomp _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | present | Kowtow | a deep bow | | Chinese | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from chinese=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **touch** | gerund | a deep bow *not said here* | the forehead | | | | to the ground | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme forehead=Co-Theme | | 3 | **mean** | present | forehead | | | | now | in English | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in english=Attribute | | 4 | **is** | gerund | | | | | | eager *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **obey** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:024-borrowed-words-from-far-away.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, A…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/10/) - next →: [Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, A…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/)