--- title: From Sanskrit, the ancient language of India, came "guru" (teacher),… — Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chi… · tree and pragmatics description: From Sanskrit, the ancient language of India, came "guru" (teacher), "pundit" (learned person) and "avatar" (a god coming to earth in a body, now also your character in a game). Who acts: guru, god. A sentence of the lesson «Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more» o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, A…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/) / 15 # Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more, sentence 15 From Sanskrit, the ancient language of India, came "guru" (teacher), "pundit" (learned person) and "avatar" (a god coming to earth in a body, now also your character in a game). **Who acts:** guru, god · **What happens:** come, learn · **To what, where:** Sanskrit, body This is a sentence of the lesson «Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Ukrainian and more» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (guru, god), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:024-borrowed-words-from-far-away.lesson:15 # text = From Sanskrit, the ancient language of India, came "guru" (teacher), "pundit" (learned person) and "avatar" (a god coming to earth in a body, now also your character in a game). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 024-borrowed-words-from-far-away.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1 1 From from ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 Sanskrit Sanskrit PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 ancient ancient ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 10 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 " " PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ _ 12 guru guru NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 13 " " PUNCT '' _ 12 punct _ _ 14 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 15 punct _ _ 15 teacher teacher NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 appos _ _ 16 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 15 punct _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 " " PUNCT `` _ 19 punct _ _ 19 pundit pundit NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 20 " " PUNCT '' _ 19 punct _ _ 21 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 23 punct _ _ 22 learned learn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 amod _ _ 23 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 appos _ _ 24 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 23 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=12:cc 26 " " PUNCT `` _ 27 punct _ _ 27 avatar avatar NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=19:conj 28 " " PUNCT '' _ 27 punct _ _ 29 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 31 punct _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 god god NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 appos _ _ 32 coming come VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 31 acl _ _ 33 to to ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 35 in in ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 39 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 42 advmod _ _ 40 also also ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 41 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 character character NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 parataxis _ _ 43 in in ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 game game NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod _ _ 46 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 42 punct _ _ 47 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | guru and pundit and avatar | | | Sanskrit | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from sanskrit=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **learn** | participle | | | | | | | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **come** | gerund | a god *not said here* | | | a body | | to earth | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to earth=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:024-borrowed-words-from-far-away.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, A…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/14/) - next →: [Borrowed words from far away: Hindi, A…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/24-borrowed-words-from-far-away/)