--- title: People love telling stories about where idioms came from, but many o… — Idioms taken literally · tree and pragmatics description: People love telling stories about where idioms came from, but many of those stories are guesses; when nobody is sure, a good speaker says "maybe". Who acts: People, idioms, many, nobody. A sentence of the lesson «Idioms taken literally» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its depend --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Idioms taken literally](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/) / 3 # Idioms taken literally, sentence 3 People love telling stories about where idioms came from, but many of those stories are guesses; when nobody is sure, a good speaker says "maybe". **Who acts:** People, idioms, many, nobody, good speaker · **What happens:** love, tell, come, be, say · **To what, where:** stories, guesses · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Idioms taken literally» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, idioms, many, nobody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:025-idioms-taken-literally.lesson:3 # text = People love telling stories about where idioms came from, but many of those stories are guesses; when nobody is sure, a good speaker says "maybe". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 025-idioms-taken-literally.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 People people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 love love VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 telling tell VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 xcomp _ _ 4 stories story NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 about about SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 6 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 8 advmod _ _ 7 idioms idiom NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 8 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl _ _ 9 from from ADP IN _ 8 obl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 11 but but CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 12 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 nsubj _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 those that DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 15 det _ _ 15 stories story NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod _ _ 16 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop _ _ 17 guesses guess NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 19 when when SCONJ WRB _ 22 mark _ _ 20 nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 22 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 cop _ _ 22 sure sure ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 advcl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 speaker speaker NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 27 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 28 " " PUNCT `` _ 29 punct _ _ 29 maybe maybe ADV RB _ 27 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=27:advmod 30 " " PUNCT '' _ 29 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct 31 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: other - voice: character - polarity: none - hedged: yes - teacher: changed hedge=1 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **love** | present | People | | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | gerund | People *not said here* | stories | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient | | 3 | **come** | past | idioms | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **is a** | present | many of that stories | guesses | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **is** | present | nobody | | | | | sure *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a good speaker | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:025-idioms-taken-literally.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Idioms taken literally, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/2/) - next →: [Idioms taken literally, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/)