--- title: "Bite the bullet" means face something unpleasant bravely; the story… — Idioms taken literally · tree and pragmatics description: "Bite the bullet" means face something unpleasant bravely; the story about soldiers biting bullets is often told but not proven. Who acts: soldiers. A sentence of the lesson «Idioms taken literally» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Idioms taken literally](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/) / 9 # Idioms taken literally, sentence 9 "Bite the bullet" means face something unpleasant bravely; the story about soldiers biting bullets is often told but not proven. **Who acts:** soldiers · **What happens:** bite, mean, face, tell, not prove · **To what, where:** bullet, something, bullets, story · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Idioms taken literally» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soldiers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:025-idioms-taken-literally.lesson:9 # text = "Bite the bullet" means face something unpleasant bravely; the story about soldiers biting bullets is often told but not proven. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 025-idioms-taken-literally.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 Bite bite VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 csubj _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 bullet bullet NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 " " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 6 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 face face VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 xcomp _ _ 8 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 7 obj _ _ 9 unpleasant unpleasant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 10 bravely bravely ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj:pass _ _ 14 about about ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 soldiers soldier NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ _ 16 biting bite VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 15 acl _ _ 17 bullets bullet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obj _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux:pass _ _ 19 often often ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 told tell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 parataxis _ _ 21 but but CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 23 advmod _ _ 23 proven prove VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 conj _ _ 24 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bite** *in a quote* | infinitive | | the bullet | | | | | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bullet=Patient | | 2 | **mean** | present | | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **face** *not said to happen* | infinitive | | something | | | | bravely *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Destination | | 4 | **bite** | gerund | soldiers *not said here* | bullets | | | | | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bullet=Patient | | 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present · passive | | the story about soldiers | | | | often *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 6 | **not** **prove** | participle | | | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:025-idioms-taken-literally.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Idioms taken literally, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/8/) - next →: [Idioms taken literally, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/25-idioms-taken-literally/)