--- title: In "Time flies like an arrow", "flies" is what time does and "like"… — Puns and jokes that need a pun · tree and pragmatics description: In "Time flies like an arrow", "flies" is what time does and "like" means "in the same way as"; in "Fruit flies like a banana", fruit flies are small insects and "like" means "enjoy". Who acts: time, Fruit, fruit flies. A sentence of the lesson «Puns and jokes that need a pun» of the language course --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/28-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Puns and jokes that need a pun](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/28-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun/) / 9 # Puns and jokes that need a pun, sentence 9 In "Time flies like an arrow", "flies" is what time does and "like" means "in the same way as"; in "Fruit flies like a banana", fruit flies are small insects and "like" means "enjoy". **Who acts:** time, Fruit, fruit flies · **What happens:** fly, be, mean, enjoy · **To what, where:** small insects · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Puns and jokes that need a pun» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (time, Fruit, fruit flies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:028-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun.lesson:9 # text = In "Time flies like an arrow", "flies" is what time does and "like" means "in the same way as"; in "Fruit flies like a banana", fruit flies are small insects and "like" means "enjoy". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 028-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 " " PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ _ 3 Time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 4 flies fly VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 like like ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 arrow arrow NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 " " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 " " PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ _ 11 flies fly NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 appos _ _ 12 " " PUNCT '' _ 11 punct _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 14 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 16 obj _ _ 15 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 does do VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 18 " " PUNCT `` _ 19 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=21:punct 19 like like INTJ UH _ 21 discourse _ _ 20 " " PUNCT '' _ 19 punct _ _ 21 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 22 " " PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=21:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 23 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 27 as as SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 28 " " PUNCT `` _ 33 punct _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 in in SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 31 " " PUNCT `` _ 33 punct _ _ 32 Fruit fruit NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 33 flies fly VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 34 like like ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 banana banana NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 37 " " PUNCT '' _ 36 punct _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 39 fruit fruit NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 compound _ _ 40 flies fly NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 nsubj _ _ 41 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 43 cop _ _ 42 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 amod _ _ 43 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nmod _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 45 " " PUNCT `` _ 46 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=48:punct 46 like like INTJ UH _ 48 discourse _ _ 47 " " PUNCT '' _ 46 punct _ _ 48 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 43 conj _ _ 49 " " PUNCT `` _ 50 punct _ _ 50 enjoy enjoy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 48 ccomp _ _ 51 " " PUNCT '' _ 50 punct _ _ 52 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly** *in a quote* | present | | | | | time | like a arrow | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | present | time | | | | | do *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **mean** | present | | | | | | in the same way | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute | | 4 | **fly** *in a quote* | present | Fruit | | | | | like a banana | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **is a** | present | fruit flies | small insects | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **mean** | present | fruit flies *not said here* | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **enjoy** *in a quote* | infinitive | | | | | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:028-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Puns and jokes that need a pun, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/28-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun/8/) - next →: [Puns and jokes that need a pun, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/28-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/28-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun/)