--- title: Sarcasm is saying the opposite of what you mean, usually to show you… — Sarcasm and tone of voice · tree and pragmatics description: Sarcasm is saying the opposite of what you mean, usually to show you're annoyed or to tease; the words say one thing and the situation and voice say another. Who acts: Sarcasm, you, words, situation. A sentence of the lesson «Sarcasm and tone of voice» of the language course of Mova's primary school --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/29-sarcasm-and-tone-of-voice/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Sarcasm and tone of voice](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/29-sarcasm-and-tone-of-voice/) / 0 # Sarcasm and tone of voice, sentence 0 Sarcasm is saying the opposite of what you mean, usually to show you're annoyed or to tease; the words say one thing and the situation and voice say another. **Who acts:** Sarcasm, you, words, situation · **What happens:** say, mean, show, be, tease · **To what, where:** opposite, one thing, another · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Sarcasm and tone of voice» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sarcasm, you, words, situation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:029-sarcasm-and-tone-of-voice.lesson:0 # text = Sarcasm is saying the opposite of what you mean, usually to show you're annoyed or to tease; the words say one thing and the situation and voice say another. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 029-sarcasm-and-tone-of-voice.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Sarcasm sarcasm NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 opposite opposite NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 what what PRON WP PronType=Rel 5 nmod _ _ 8 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 9 mean mean VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 acl:relcl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 usually usually ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 14 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 15 're be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 16 annoyed annoyed ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 ccomp _ _ 17 or or CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 tease tease VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 conj _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 23 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 24 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 25 nummod _ _ 25 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 situation situation NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ _ 31 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 conj _ _ 32 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 31 obj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=31:obj|HaikuPos=PRON:DT:PronType=Ind 33 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · progressive | Sarcasm | the opposite | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent opposite=Topic | | 2 | **mean** | present | you | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **show** | to-infinitive | Sarcasm *not said here* | | | | | usually *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | present | you | | | | | annoyed *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **tease** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | | | | | | vn ferret-35.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the words | one thing | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent thing=Topic | | 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the situation and voice | another | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent another=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:029-sarcasm-and-tone-of-voice.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Puns and jokes that need a pun, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/28-puns-and-jokes-that-need-a-pun/16/) - next →: [Sarcasm and tone of voice, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/29-sarcasm-and-tone-of-voice/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/29-sarcasm-and-tone-of-voice/)