--- title: Short forms are much older than phones: "O.M.G." turns up in a lette… — Texting, abbreviations and emoji · tree and pragmatics description: Short forms are much older than phones: "O.M.G." turns up in a letter from 1917, and the sideways smiley :-) was suggested in 1982, before most people had ever seen a mobile. Who acts: Short forms, O.M.G, most people. A sentence of the lesson «Texting, abbreviations and emoji» of the language course --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Texting, abbreviations and emoji](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/) / 2 # Texting, abbreviations and emoji, sentence 2 Short forms are much older than phones: "O.M.G." turns up in a letter from 1917, and the sideways smiley :-) was suggested in 1982, before most people had ever seen a mobile. **Who acts:** Short forms, O.M.G, most people · **What happens:** be, turn up, suggest, see · **To what, where:** letter, sideways smiley, 1982, mobile This is a sentence of the lesson «Texting, abbreviations and emoji» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Short forms, O.M.G, most people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:030-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji.lesson:2 # text = Short forms are much older than phones: "O.M.G." turns up in a letter from 1917, and the sideways smiley :-) was suggested in 1982, before most people had ever seen a mobile. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 030-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 forms form NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 much much ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 older old ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 0 root _ _ 6 than than ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 phones phone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 9 " " PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 10 O.M.G O.M.G NOUN FW Abbr=Yes|Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ _ 11 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ 12 " " PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=5:punct 13 turns turn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 14 up up ADP RP _ 13 compound:prt _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 letter letter NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 18 from from ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 1917 1917 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=24:punct 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=23:det 23 sideways sideway NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:nsubj 24 smiley smiley NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=29:parataxis|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 25 : : PUNCT : _ 26 punct _ _ 26 - - PUNCT NFP _ 24 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=24:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:HYPH:_ 27 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 24 punct _ _ 28 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux:pass _ _ 29 suggested suggest VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 conj _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 1982 1982 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 29 obl _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 33 before before SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 34 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 35 amod _ _ 35 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 nsubj _ _ 36 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 37 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 38 advmod _ _ 38 seen see VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 29 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=29:conj 39 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 mobile mobile NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=38:obj|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 41 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=13:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Short forms | | | | | than phones; old *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **turn up** | present | O.M.G | | | a letter from 1917 | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in letter=Location | | 3 | **suggest** *speech: suggest* | past · passive | | the sideways smiley | | 1982 | | | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | | 4 | **see** | past · perfect | most people | a mobile | | | ever | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mobile=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:030-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Texting, abbreviations and emoji, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/1/) - next →: [Texting, abbreviations and emoji, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/30-texting-abbreviations-and-emoji/)