--- title: English mostly uses word order and small words instead of cases, but… — Ukrainian compared with English · tree and pragmatics description: English mostly uses word order and small words instead of cases, but pronouns like he, him and his still change a little. Who acts: English, pronouns. A sentence of the lesson «Ukrainian compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/33-ukrainian-compared-with-english/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Ukrainian compared with English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/33-ukrainian-compared-with-english/) / 8 # Ukrainian compared with English, sentence 8 English mostly uses word order and small words instead of cases, but pronouns like he, him and his still change a little. **Who acts:** English, pronouns · **What happens:** use, change · **To what, where:** word order, little This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukrainian compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (English, pronouns), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:033-ukrainian-compared-with-english.lesson:8 # text = English mostly uses word order and small words instead of cases, but pronouns like he, him and his still change a little. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 033-ukrainian-compared-with-english.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 mostly mostly ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 uses use VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 order order NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 7 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:nsubj 9 instead instead ADV RB ExtPos=ADP 11 case _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 9 fixed _ _ 11 cases case NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 13 but but CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 14 pronouns pronoun NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 15 like like ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 conj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 his his PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=18:conj|HaikuPos=PRON:PRP$:Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 still still ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 22 change change VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 obj _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present | English | word order and small words and cases | | | | mostly *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent order=Patient | | 2 | **change** | present | pronouns like English | a little | | | still | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:033-ukrainian-compared-with-english.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ukrainian compared with English, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/33-ukrainian-compared-with-english/7/) - next →: [Ukrainian compared with English, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/33-ukrainian-compared-with-english/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/33-ukrainian-compared-with-english/)