--- title: "Gung ho" came into English in the 1940s from a Chinese slogan, "gōn… — Mandarin compared with English · tree and pragmatics description: "Gung ho" came into English in the 1940s from a Chinese slogan, "gōnghé", understood as "work together"; in English it now means very, sometimes too, eager. Who acts: Gung ho, ho. A sentence of the lesson «Mandarin compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Mandarin compared with English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/) / 11 # Mandarin compared with English, sentence 11 "Gung ho" came into English in the 1940s from a Chinese slogan, "gōnghé", understood as "work together"; in English it now means very, sometimes too, eager. **Who acts:** Gung ho, ho · **What happens:** come, understand, work together, mean · **To what, where:** English, Chinese slogan · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Mandarin compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gung ho, ho), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:034-mandarin-compared-with-english.lesson:11 # text = "Gung ho" came into English in the 1940s from a Chinese slogan, "gōnghé", understood as "work together"; in English it now means very, sometimes too, eager. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 034-mandarin-compared-with-english.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ _ 2 Gung Gung PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 ho ho NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 " " PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ 5 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 into into ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 1940s 1940 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 5 obl _ _ 11 from from ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 Chinese Chinese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 slogan slogan NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:nmod 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 " " PUNCT `` _ 17 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 17 gōnghé gōnghé NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:conj 18 " " PUNCT '' _ 17 punct _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 20 understood understand VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:acl 21 as as SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 22 " " PUNCT `` _ 23 punct _ _ 23 work work VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 advcl _ _ 24 together together ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 25 " " PUNCT '' _ 23 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=24:punct 26 ; ; PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 30 now now ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 32 very very ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 34 sometimes sometimes ADV RB PronType=Ind 37 advmod _ _ 35 too too ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 37 eager eager ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:conj 38 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | Gung ho | | | English | | in the 1940s; from a Chinese slogan | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme into english=Initial\_Location from slogan=Destination | | 2 | **understand** | participle | | a Chinese slogan *not said here* | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **work together** *in a quote* | infinitive | | | | | | together *property* | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **mean** | present | ho | | | | now | in English; eager *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in english=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:034-mandarin-compared-with-english.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mandarin compared with English, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/10/) - next →: [Mandarin compared with English, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/)