--- title: Mandarin is a tonal language: the same sounds with different pitch p… — Mandarin compared with English · tree and pragmatics description: Mandarin is a tonal language: the same sounds with different pitch patterns make different words; it has four main tones and a neutral tone. Who acts: Mandarin, same sounds, work. A sentence of the lesson «Mandarin compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Mandarin compared with English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/) / 4 # Mandarin compared with English, sentence 4 Mandarin is a tonal language: the same sounds with different pitch patterns make different words; it has four main tones and a neutral tone. **Who acts:** Mandarin, same sounds, work · **What happens:** be, make, have · **To what, where:** tonal language, different words, four main tones This is a sentence of the lesson «Mandarin compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mandarin, same sounds, work), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:034-mandarin-compared-with-english.lesson:4 # text = Mandarin is a tonal language: the same sounds with different pitch patterns make different words; it has four main tones and a neutral tone. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 034-mandarin-compared-with-english.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Mandarin Mandarin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 tonal tonal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 10 with with ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 12 pitch pitch NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 patterns pattern NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _ 14 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 15 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 20 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 22 nummod _ _ 21 main main ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 tones tone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 neutral neutral ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 tone tone NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 conj _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Mandarin | a tonal language | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **make** | present | the same sounds with different pitch patterns | different words | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset word=Product | | 3 | **have** | present | work | four main tones and a neutral tone | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tone=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:034-mandarin-compared-with-english.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mandarin compared with English, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/3/) - next →: [Mandarin compared with English, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/)