--- title: Chinese writing uses thousands of characters, each usually a syllabl… — Mandarin compared with English · tree and pragmatics description: Chinese writing uses thousands of characters, each usually a syllable with a meaning; about 2,000 to 3,000 are needed to read a newspaper. Who acts: Chinese writing, each. A sentence of the lesson «Mandarin compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Mandarin compared with English](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/) / 7 # Mandarin compared with English, sentence 7 Chinese writing uses thousands of characters, each usually a syllable with a meaning; about 2,000 to 3,000 are needed to read a newspaper. **Who acts:** Chinese writing, each · **What happens:** use, syllable, need, read · **To what, where:** thousands, 2,000, newspaper This is a sentence of the lesson «Mandarin compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chinese writing, each), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:034-mandarin-compared-with-english.lesson:7 # text = Chinese writing uses thousands of characters, each usually a syllable with a meaning; about 2,000 to 3,000 are needed to read a newspaper. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 034-mandarin-compared-with-english.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3 1 Chinese Chinese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 writing writing NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 uses use VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 characters character NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 8 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 11 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:det 9 usually usually ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 syllable syllable NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 12 with with ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 meaning meaning NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT : _ 21 punct _ _ 16 about about ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 17 2,000 2000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 nsubj:pass _ _ 18 to to ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 3,000 3000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 nmod _ _ 20 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux:pass _ _ 21 needed need VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 read read VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=21:xcomp 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 newspaper newspaper NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present | Chinese writing | thousands of characters and a syllable | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thousand=Patient | | 2 | **syllable** | | each | | | | | with a meaning; usually *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **need** | present · passive | | 2,000 to 3,000 | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **read** | to-infinitive | | a newspaper | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent newspaper=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:034-mandarin-compared-with-english.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mandarin compared with English, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/6/) - next →: [Mandarin compared with English, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/34-mandarin-compared-with-english/)