---
title: French "tu" is the informal you, for friends and family, and "vous"… — French compared with English · tree and pragmatics
description: French "tu" is the informal you, for friends and family, and "vous" is the polite or plural you, just like Ukrainian "ти" and "ви". Who acts: French tu, vous. A sentence of the lesson «French compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the prag
---

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# French compared with English, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
French "tu" is the informal you, for friends and family, and "vous" is the polite or plural you, just like Ukrainian "ти" and "ви".

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** French tu, vous · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** you

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «French compared with English» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (French tu, vous), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:language:035-french-compared-with-english.lesson:9
# text = French "tu" is the informal you, for friends and family, and "vous" is the polite or plural you, just like Ukrainian "ти" and "ви".
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = language
# lesson = 035-french-compared-with-english.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	_
3	tu	tu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	appos	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
16	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
17	vous	vous	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
21	polite	polite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	_
24	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	conj	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	just	just	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
27	like	like	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
29	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	30	punct	_	_
30	ти	ти	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	appos	_	_
31	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	30	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	34	punct	_	_
34	ви	ви	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:conj
35	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	34	punct	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | French tu | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | vous | you |  |  |  | like Ukrainian | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:035-french-compared-with-english.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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