--- title: "Fast" can be an adjective ("a fast car"), an adverb ("he runs fast"… — Grammar puzzles, part two · tree and pragmatics description: "Fast" can be an adjective ("a fast car"), an adverb ("he runs fast"), a verb meaning go without food ("I fast on holy days") and a noun ("a three-day fast"). Who acts: Fast, y, verb, sentence. A sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part two» of the language course of Mova's primary school with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Grammar puzzles, part two](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/) / 12 # Grammar puzzles, part two, sentence 12 "Fast" can be an adjective ("a fast car"), an adverb ("he runs fast"), a verb meaning go without food ("I fast on holy days") and a noun ("a three-day fast"). **Who acts:** Fast, y, verb, sentence · **What happens:** be, run, mean, go, fast · **To what, where:** adjective · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Grammar puzzles, part two» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fast, y, verb, sentence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:036-grammar-puzzles-part-two.lesson:12 # text = "Fast" can be an adjective ("a fast car"), an adverb ("he runs fast"), a verb meaning go without food ("I fast on holy days") and a noun ("a three-day fast"). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 036-grammar-puzzles-part-two.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×5, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 Fast fast ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 nsubj _ _ 3 " " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 4 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 5 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 7 cop _ _ 6 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 adjective adjective NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 8 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 12 punct _ _ 9 " " PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 fast fast ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 car car NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 appos _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:parataxis 13 " " PUNCT '' _ 12 punct _ _ 14 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 12 punct _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 adverb adverb NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 18 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 21 punct _ _ 19 " " PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ _ 20 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 21 runs run VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 parataxis _ _ 22 fast fast ADV RB Degree=Pos 21 advmod _ _ 23 " " PUNCT '' _ 21 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct 24 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 21 punct _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 verb verb NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 appos _ _ 28 meaning mean VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 27 acl _ _ 29 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 ccomp _ _ 30 without without ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 32 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 35 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=38:punct 33 " " PUNCT `` _ 35 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=38:punct 34 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 35 fast fast VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 parataxis _ _ 36 on on ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 holy holy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 38 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 obl _ _ 39 " " PUNCT '' _ 35 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=38:punct 40 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 35 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 42 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 noun noun NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 44 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 50 punct _ _ 45 " " PUNCT `` _ 50 punct _ _ 46 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 47 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 49 nummod _ _ 48 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 47 punct _ _ 49 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 compound _ _ 50 fast fast NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:parataxis 51 " " PUNCT '' _ 50 punct _ _ 52 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 50 punct _ _ 53 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | can | Fast | a adjective and a adverb and a noun | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **run** *in a quote* | present | y | | | | | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **mean** | gerund | a verb *not said here* | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **go** | infinitive | | | | | | without food | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **fast** *in a quote* | present | the sentence *= sentence* | | | | day | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:036-grammar-puzzles-part-two.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×5, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Grammar puzzles, part two, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/11/) - next →: [Grammar puzzles, part two, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/36-grammar-puzzles-part-two/)