--- title: "-ish" is an old English suffix meaning somewhat, as in childish and… — Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds · tree and pragmatics description: "-ish" is an old English suffix meaning somewhat, as in childish and reddish; today people also say "7-ish" and even answer just "Ish." Who acts: ish, old English suffix, people. A sentence of the lesson «Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds» of the language course of Mova's primary scho --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Building words: prefixes, suffixes and…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds/) / 12 # Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds, sentence 12 "-ish" is an old English suffix meaning somewhat, as in childish and reddish; today people also say "7-ish" and even answer just "Ish." **Who acts:** ish, old English suffix, people · **What happens:** be, meaning, say, answer · **To what, where:** old English suffix, 7 ish, Ish · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Building words: prefixes, suffixes and compounds» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ish, old English suffix, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:037-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds.lesson:12 # text = "-ish" is an old English suffix meaning somewhat, as in childish and reddish; today people also say "7-ish" and even answer just "Ish." # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 037-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ _ 2 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 3 punct _ _ 3 ish ish NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 4 " " PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 6 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 7 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 8 English English ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 suffix suffix NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 10 meaning meaning VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 9 acl _ _ 11 somewhat somewhat ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 13 as as ADP IN _ 15 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_ 14 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 childish childish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 advcl _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 reddish reddish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 conj _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 19 today today NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:compound 20 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 21 also also ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 22 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=9:parataxis|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 23 " " PUNCT `` _ 26 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 24 7 7 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 26 nummod _ _ 25 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 24 punct _ _ 26 ish ish NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 27 " " PUNCT '' _ 26 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 even even ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 30 answer answer VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 conj _ _ 31 just just ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 32 " " PUNCT `` _ 33 punct _ _ 33 Ish ish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=30:xcomp 34 . . PUNCT . _ 30 punct _ _ 35 " " PUNCT '' _ 30 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: fragment - act: suggest - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | ish | a old English suffix | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **meaning** | gerund | a old English suffix *not said here* | | | | | somewhat *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | people | 7 ish | | | today | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent ish=Topic | | 4 | **answer** *speech: assert* | infinitive | people *not said here* | Ish | | | | | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent ish=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:037-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Building words: prefixes, suffixes and…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds/11/) - next →: [Building words: prefixes, suffixes and…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/37-building-words-prefixes-suffixes-and-compounds/)