--- title: Some words narrow (they come to mean less: "deer" once meant any wil… — Words that changed their meaning · tree and pragmatics description: Some words narrow (they come to mean less: "deer" once meant any wild animal), some widen or pick up new jobs (a "mouse" can now sit next to your keyboard), and some go from good to bad or bad to good. Who acts: words, deer, some, mouse. A sentence of the lesson «Words that changed their meaning» of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/38-words-that-changed-their-meaning/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Words that changed their meaning](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/38-words-that-changed-their-meaning/) / 2 # Words that changed their meaning, sentence 2 Some words narrow (they come to mean less: "deer" once meant any wild animal), some widen or pick up new jobs (a "mouse" can now sit next to your keyboard), and some go from good to bad or bad to good. **Who acts:** words, deer, some, mouse · **What happens:** narrow, come, mean, widen, pick up, sit · **To what, where:** less, wild animal, new jobs, good This is a sentence of the lesson «Words that changed their meaning» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (words, deer, some, mouse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:038-words-that-changed-their-meaning.lesson:2 # text = Some words narrow (they come to mean less: "deer" once meant any wild animal), some widen or pick up new jobs (a "mouse" can now sit next to your keyboard), and some go from good to bad or bad to good. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 038-words-that-changed-their-meaning.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ _ 2 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 narrow narrow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 6 punct _ _ 5 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 come come VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 mean mean VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 xcomp _ _ 9 less less ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 8 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RBR:Degree=Cmp 10 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 11 " " PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ _ 12 deer deer NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 13 " " PUNCT '' _ 12 punct _ _ 14 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 15 advmod _ _ 15 meant mean VERB VBD Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:advcl 16 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 18 det _ _ 17 wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 19 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 15 punct _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 22 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:nsubj|HaikuPos=PRON:DT:PronType=Ind 22 widen widen VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 23 or or CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 pick pick VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 25 up up ADP RP _ 24 compound:prt _ _ 26 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 jobs job NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 28 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 31 punct _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 " " PUNCT `` _ 31 punct _ _ 31 mouse mouse NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 appos _ _ 32 " " PUNCT '' _ 31 punct _ _ 33 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 34 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 35 advmod _ _ 35 sit sit VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 31 acl _ _ 36 next next ADV RB ExtPos=ADP 35 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=39:case 37 to to ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ _ 39 keyboard keyboard NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 40 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 35 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct 41 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 43 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 44 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=44:nsubj|HaikuPos=PRON:DT:PronType=Ind 44 go go VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 45 from from ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 46 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 44 obl _ _ 47 to to ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 bad bad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 obl _ _ 49 or or CCONJ CC _ 50 cc _ _ 50 bad bad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 46 conj _ _ 51 to to ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 52 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 50 obl _ _ 53 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **narrow** | present | some words | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **come** | present | Words *= word* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **mean** | to-infinitive | Words *= word* *not said here* | less | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent less=Topic | | 4 | **mean** | past | deer | any wild animal | | | | once *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Topic | | 5 | **widen** | present | some | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **pick up** | present | some *not said here* | new jobs | | | | | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Topic | | 7 | **sit** | can | a mouse *not said here* | | | | now | to your keyboard; next *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **go** | present | some | | | good | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme from good=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:038-words-that-changed-their-meaning.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Words that changed their meaning, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/38-words-that-changed-their-meaning/1/) - next →: [Words that changed their meaning, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/38-words-that-changed-their-meaning/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/38-words-that-changed-their-meaning/)