--- title: In Mandarin, "mā" (high, flat tone) means mother and "mǎ" (dipping t… — The big language quiz · tree and pragmatics description: In Mandarin, "mā" (high, flat tone) means mother and "mǎ" (dipping tone) means horse; the tone makes them different words. Who acts: mā, mǎ, tone. A sentence of the lesson «The big language quiz» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/40-the-big-language-quiz/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [The big language quiz](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/40-the-big-language-quiz/) / 12 # The big language quiz, sentence 12 In Mandarin, "mā" (high, flat tone) means mother and "mǎ" (dipping tone) means horse; the tone makes them different words. **Who acts:** mā, mǎ, tone · **What happens:** mean, dip, make · **To what, where:** mother, tone, horse This is a sentence of the lesson «The big language quiz» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mā, mǎ, tone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:040-the-big-language-quiz.lesson:12 # text = In Mandarin, "mā" (high, flat tone) means mother and "mǎ" (dipping tone) means horse; the tone makes them different words. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 040-the-big-language-quiz.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 Mandarin Mandarin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 " " PUNCT `` _ 5 punct _ _ 5 mā mā NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 6 " " PUNCT '' _ 5 punct _ _ 7 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 11 punct _ _ 8 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 10 flat flat ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 tone tone NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 appos _ _ 12 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 11 punct _ _ 13 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 14 mother mother NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 16 " " PUNCT `` _ 17 punct _ _ 17 mǎ mǎ NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 conj _ _ 18 " " PUNCT '' _ 17 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=14:punct 19 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 20 punct _ _ 20 dipping dip VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 17 acl _ _ 21 tone tone NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 21 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=20:punct 23 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 24 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 tone tone NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 28 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 29 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ _ 30 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | mā | mother and mǎ | | | | in Mandarin | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot mother=Theme in mandarin=Attribute | | 2 | **dip** | gerund | mǎ *not said here* | tone | | | | | vn meander-47.7-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tone=Theme | | 3 | **mean** | present | mā *not said here* | horse | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Topic | | 4 | **make** | present | the tone | mother | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset they=Beneficiary word=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:040-the-big-language-quiz.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The big language quiz, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/40-the-big-language-quiz/11/) - next →: [The big language quiz, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/40-the-big-language-quiz/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/40-the-big-language-quiz/)