--- title: Standard English has no special plural "you", so dialects made their… — Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who · tree and pragmatics description: Standard English has no special plural "you", so dialects made their own: youse in Ireland, Liverpool and Glasgow, y'all in the southern US, yinz in Pittsburgh; long ago English had "thou" for one friend and "you" for many or for someone you respected. Who acts: Standard, dialects, English, you. A s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/) / 6 # Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who, sentence 6 Standard English has no special plural "you", so dialects made their own: youse in Ireland, Liverpool and Glasgow, y'all in the southern US, yinz in Pittsburgh; long ago English had "thou" for one friend and "you" for many or for someone you respected. **Who acts:** Standard, dialects, English, you · **What happens:** have, make, respect · **To what, where:** special plural, own, thou This is a sentence of the lesson «Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Standard, dialects, English, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:005-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who.lesson:6 # text = Standard English has no special plural "you", so dialects made their own: youse in Ireland, Liverpool and Glasgow, y'all in the southern US, yinz in Pittsburgh; long ago English had "thou" for one friend and "you" for many or for someone you respected. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 005-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 Standard Standard PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat _ _ 3 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 6 det _ _ 5 special special ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 plural plural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 obj _ _ 7 " " PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 8 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 conj _ _ 9 " " PUNCT '' _ 8 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 so so ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 12 dialects dialect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ _ 13 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 14 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 obj _ _ 16 : : PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 17 youse youse NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 Ireland Ireland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 Liverpool Liverpool PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 Glasgow Glasgow PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 25 y'all y'all ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 southern southern ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 US US PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 yinz yinz PROPN ADD _ 29 list _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:obl 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 35 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 36 advmod _ _ 36 ago ago ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 37 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 38 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=13:conj 39 " " PUNCT `` _ 40 punct _ _ 40 thou thou NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ _ 41 " " PUNCT '' _ 40 punct _ _ 42 for for ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 44 nummod _ _ 44 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 46 " " PUNCT `` _ 47 punct _ _ 47 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 38 parataxis _ _ 48 " " PUNCT '' _ 47 punct _ _ 49 for for ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=47:obl 51 or or CCONJ CC _ 53 cc _ _ 52 for for ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 someone someone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 50 conj _ _ 54 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 55 nsubj _ _ 55 respected respect VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 53 acl:relcl _ _ 56 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Standard | no special plural | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plural=Patient | | 2 | **make** | past | dialects | dialects's own | | | | youse in Ireland and Liverpool and Glasgow in the southern US *obl* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset own=Product | | 3 | **have** | past | English | thou | | | | for one friend; ago *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **respect** | past | you | | | | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:005-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/5/) - next →: [Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/)