--- title: A pronoun must point clearly: in "Max told Leo that he had won" nobo… — Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who · tree and pragmatics description: A pronoun must point clearly: in "Max told Leo that he had won" nobody knows who won, so a good writer uses a name again. Who acts: pronoun, Max, nobody, good writer. A sentence of the lesson «Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tre --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/) / 7 # Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who, sentence 7 A pronoun must point clearly: in "Max told Leo that he had won" nobody knows who won, so a good writer uses a name again. **Who acts:** pronoun, Max, nobody, good writer · **What happens:** point, tell, win, know, use · **To what, where:** Leo, name · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pronoun, Max, nobody, good writer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:005-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who.lesson:7 # text = A pronoun must point clearly: in "Max told Leo that he had won" nobody knows who won, so a good writer uses a name again. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 005-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 pronoun pronoun NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 point point VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 clearly clearly ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 10 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:case 8 " " PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 9 Max Max PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 10 told tell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 11 Leo Leo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 iobj _ _ 12 that that SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 13 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 14 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 15 won win VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 10 ccomp _ _ 16 " " PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 17 nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 18 nsubj _ _ 18 knows know VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 19 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 20 nsubj _ _ 20 won win VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 ccomp _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 22 so so ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 writer writer NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 26 uses use VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 ccomp _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 29 again again ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **point** | must | a pronoun | | | | | clearly *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | Max | | Leo | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent leo=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **win** *in a quote* | past · perfect | Max | | | | | | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **know** | present | nobody | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 5 | **win** | past | | | | | | | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **use** | present | a good writer | a name | | | again | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:005-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/6/) - next →: [Pronouns: I, me, you, they and who, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/5-pronouns-i-me-you-they-and-who/)