---
title: Three kinds of talk bend the truth in three different ways. — Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side · tree and pragmatics
description: Three kinds of talk bend the truth in three different ways. Who acts: Three kinds. A sentence of the lesson «Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side, sentence 0

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Three kinds of talk bend the truth in three different ways.

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**Who acts:** Three kinds · **What happens:** bend · **To what, where:** truth, three different ways

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Three kinds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:language:052-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side.lesson:0
# text = Three kinds of talk bend the truth in three different ways.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = language
# lesson = 052-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1
1	Three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	bend	bend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
10	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=2:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bend** | present | Three kinds of talk | the truth |  | three different ways |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent truth=Theme in way=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:052-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side.lesson:0`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Just a scratch and I'm fine: when to w…, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/51-just-a-scratch-and-i-m-fine-when-to-worry-and-tell-an-adult/20/)
- next →: [Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/52-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side/1/)
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