--- title: Sarcasm says the opposite of what is meant, usually to tease or comp… — Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side · tree and pragmatics description: Sarcasm says the opposite of what is meant, usually to tease or complain: «Oh brilliant, I LOVE standing in the rain» means «I hate this». Who acts: Sarcasm, gran. A sentence of the lesson «Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/52-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/52-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side/) / 9 # Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side, sentence 9 Sarcasm says the opposite of what is meant, usually to tease or complain: «Oh brilliant, I LOVE standing in the rain» means «I hate this». **Who acts:** Sarcasm, gran · **What happens:** say, mean, tease, complain, love, stand · **To what, where:** opposite, rain, this · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement side by side» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sarcasm, gran), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:052-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side.lesson:9 # text = Sarcasm says the opposite of what is meant, usually to tease or complain: «Oh brilliant, I LOVE standing in the rain» means «I hate this». # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 052-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Sarcasm sarcasm NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 opposite opposite NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 what what PRON WP PronType=Rel 4 nmod _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 meant mean VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 acl:relcl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 usually usually ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 11 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 12 tease tease VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 conj _ _ 13 or or CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 complain complain VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _ 15 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 16 « « PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 17 Oh oh INTJ UH _ 18 discourse _ _ 18 brilliant brilliant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 conj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 21 LOVE love VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ _ 22 standing stand VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 21 xcomp _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 » » PUNCT '' _ 27 punct _ _ 27 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 28 « « PUNCT `` _ 30 punct _ _ 29 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 hate hate VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 ccomp _ _ 31 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 30 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=32:det|HaikuPos=DET:DT:Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 32 » » PUNCT '' _ 30 punct _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Sarcasm | the opposite | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **mean** | present · passive | | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S» | | 3 | **tease** | to-infinitive | Sarcasm *not said here* | | | | | usually *property* | vn ferret-35.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **complain** *speech: other* | infinitive | Sarcasm *not said here* | | | | | | vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **love** *in a quote* | present | Sarcasm | | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 6 | **stand** *not said to happen, in a quote* | gerund | Sarcasm *not said here* | | | the rain | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in rain=Location | | 7 | **mean** | present | | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 8 | **hate** *in a quote* | present | things's gran *= gran* | this | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:052-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/52-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side/7/) - next →: [Sarcasm, hyperbole and understatement…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/52-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/52-sarcasm-hyperbole-and-understatement-side-by-side/)