--- title: In Mandarin Chinese, «sǐ le» (dead) after a word makes it stronger:… — Told you a hundred times: how other languages ex… · tree and pragmatics description: In Mandarin Chinese, «sǐ le» (dead) after a word makes it stronger: «lèi sǐ le» means very tired and «è sǐ le» means very hungry, like English «dead tired» or «starving». Who acts: sǐ le, è. A sentence of the lesson «Told you a hundred times: how other languages exaggerate and play down» of the lang --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/53-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Told you a hundred times: how other la…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/53-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down/) / 10 # Told you a hundred times: how other languages exaggerate and play down, sentence 10 In Mandarin Chinese, «sǐ le» (dead) after a word makes it stronger: «lèi sǐ le» means very tired and «è sǐ le» means very hungry, like English «dead tired» or «starving». **Who acts:** sǐ le, è · **What happens:** make, mean, starve · **To what, where:** word, Mandarin This is a sentence of the lesson «Told you a hundred times: how other languages exaggerate and play down» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sǐ le, è), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:053-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down.lesson:10 # text = In Mandarin Chinese, «sǐ le» (dead) after a word makes it stronger: «lèi sǐ le» means very tired and «è sǐ le» means very hungry, like English «dead tired» or «starving». # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 053-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×5 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 Mandarin Mandarin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 3 Chinese Chinese PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 flat _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 5 « « PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 6 sǐ sǐ ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 7 le le NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 » » NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ _ 9 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 10 punct _ _ 10 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 11 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 10 punct _ _ 12 after after ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 word word NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 15 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 16 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ _ 17 stronger strong ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 15 xcomp _ _ 18 : : PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 19 « « PUNCT `` _ 22 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 20 lèi lèi X FW Foreign=Yes 22 dep _ _ 21 sǐ sǐ ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 le le NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 23 » » PUNCT '' _ 22 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 24 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 parataxis _ _ 25 very very ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 tired tired ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:obj 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 28 « « PUNCT `` _ 29 punct _ _ 29 è è NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 30 sǐ sǐ ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 le le NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 32 » » PUNCT '' _ 33 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=33:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 33 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 34 very very ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 35 hungry hungry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=33:obj 36 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 37 like like ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 39 « « PUNCT `` _ 41 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=41:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 40 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 tired tired ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 appos _ _ 42 » » PUNCT '' _ 41 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=38:punct 43 or or CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 44 « « PUNCT `` _ 45 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=45:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 45 starving starve VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 41 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:conj 46 » » PUNCT '' _ 45 punct _ _ 47 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | | word | | Mandarin | after a word | like English; strong *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | | 2 | **mean** | present | sǐ le | | | | | tired *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **mean** | present | è sǐ le | | | | | hungry *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **starve** *in a quote* | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:053-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×5. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Told you a hundred times: how other la…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/53-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down/9/) - next →: [Told you a hundred times: how other la…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/53-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/53-told-you-a-hundred-times-how-other-languages-exaggerate-and-play-down/)