---
title: In Britain, especially the North, "I'm sat" and "I'm stood" mean I a… — Prepositions and conjunctions: little words that… · tree and pragmatics
description: In Britain, especially the North, "I'm sat" and "I'm stood" mean I am sitting and I am standing; formal writing uses sitting and standing. Who acts: sat, I, formal writing. A sentence of the lesson «Prepositions and conjunctions: little words that hold sentences together» of the language course of M
---

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# Prepositions and conjunctions: little words that hold sentences together, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Britain, especially the North, "I'm sat" and "I'm stood" mean I am sitting and I am standing; formal writing uses sitting and standing.

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**Who acts:** sat, I, formal writing · **What happens:** stand, mean, sit, use · **To what, where:** British English, Britain · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Prepositions and conjunctions: little words that hold sentences together» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sat, I, formal writing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:language:006-prepositions-and-conjunctions.lesson:9
# text = In Britain, especially the North, "I'm sat" and "I'm stood" mean I am sitting and I am standing; formal writing uses sitting and standing.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = language
# lesson = 006-prepositions-and-conjunctions.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct
4	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:cop
11	sat	sat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	nsubj	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	stood	stand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
19	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	ccomp	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	conj	_	_
27	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
28	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	parataxis	_	_
31	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	30	obj	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	standing	standing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=31:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | British English *= english* |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **mean** | present | sat |  |  | Britain and the North |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **sit** | present · progressive | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **stand** | present · progressive | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **use** | present | formal writing |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **sit** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:006-prepositions-and-conjunctions.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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