--- title: "I seen" is common in many British, Irish and American dialects; sta… — Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mis… · tree and pragmatics description: "I seen" is common in many British, Irish and American dialects; standard English says "I saw" or "I have seen". Who acts: standard English, British English. A sentence of the lesson «Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes» of the language course of Mova's primary school with its depe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/) / 12 # Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes, sentence 12 "I seen" is common in many British, Irish and American dialects; standard English says "I saw" or "I have seen". **Who acts:** standard English, British English · **What happens:** see, be, say · **To what, where:** many British dialects · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (standard English, British English), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:009-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes.lesson:12 # text = "I seen" is common in many British, Irish and American dialects; standard English says "I saw" or "I have seen". # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 009-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 seen see VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 6 nsubj _ _ 4 " " PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 6 common common ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 8 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 9 British British ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 Irish Irish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 conj _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 American American ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 conj _ _ 14 dialects dialect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 standard standard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj 19 " " PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ _ 20 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 21 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:parataxis 22 " " PUNCT '' _ 21 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:``:_ 23 or or CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 24 " " PUNCT `` _ 27 punct _ _ 25 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 26 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 27 seen see VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 21 conj _ _ 28 " " PUNCT '' _ 27 punct _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** *in a quote* | participle | standard English *= english* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **is** | present | | | | many British dialects | | common *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | standard English | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **see** *in a quote* | past | standard English *= english* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **see** *in a quote* | present · perfect | British English *= english* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:009-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/11/) - next →: [Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/)