--- title: Irregular verbs come in little families: sing, sang, sung; swim, swa… — Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mis… · tree and pragmatics description: Irregular verbs come in little families: sing, sang, sung; swim, swam, swum; ring, rang, rung; and bring, brought; think, thought; buy, bought; catch, caught; teach, taught. Who acts: Irregular verbs. A sentence of the lesson «Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes» of the language co --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/) / 2 # Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes, sentence 2 Irregular verbs come in little families: sing, sang, sung; swim, swam, swum; ring, rang, rung; and bring, brought; think, thought; buy, bought; catch, caught; teach, taught. **Who acts:** Irregular verbs · **What happens:** come in, sing, swim, ring, bring, think · **To what, where:** little families, swam, rung, catch This is a sentence of the lesson «Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Irregular verbs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:009-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes.lesson:2 # text = Irregular verbs come in little families: sing, sang, sung; swim, swam, swum; ring, rang, rung; and bring, brought; think, thought; buy, bought; catch, caught; teach, taught. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 009-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Irregular irregular ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 verbs verb NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 come come VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 in in ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 families family NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:obj 7 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 8 sing sing VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 parataxis _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 sang sang NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 sung sing VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 8 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:acl 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 14 swim swim VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:parataxis 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 swam swam NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 swum swum NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 20 ring ring NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 rang ring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 24 rung rung NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 bring bring VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 29 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 27 xcomp _ _ 30 ; ; PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 31 think think VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 33 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 conj _ _ 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 35 punct _ _ 35 buy buy VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 xcomp _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 37 bought buy VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 35 obj _ _ 38 ; ; PUNCT : _ 39 punct _ _ 39 catch catch NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 ccomp _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 41 caught catch VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 39 acl _ _ 42 ; ; PUNCT : _ 43 punct _ _ 43 teach teach VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=39:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 44 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 45 taught teach VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 8 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=39:parataxis 46 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come in** | present | Irregular verbs | little families | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | infinitive | | | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | participle | | | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **swim** | present | | swam and swum and ring | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme swam=Trajectory | | 5 | **ring** | past | | rung | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **bring** | infinitive | | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **bring** | participle | | | | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **think** *speech: other* | infinitive | | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **think** *speech: other* | past | | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 10 | **buy** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | | 11 | **buy** | participle | | | | | | | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | | 12 | **catch** | participle | | catch *not said here* | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 13 | **teach** *speech: other* | infinitive | | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 14 | **teach** *speech: other* | participle | | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:009-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/0/) - next →: [Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/)