--- title: Some forms are patchwork from history: "went" was once the past of a… — Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mis… · tree and pragmatics description: Some forms are patchwork from history: "went" was once the past of an old verb "wend" (to go), and English borrowed it for go hundreds of years ago. Who acts: forms, English. A sentence of the lesson «Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes» of the language course of Mova's primary sch --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Language](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/) / [Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/) / 3 # Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes, sentence 3 Some forms are patchwork from history: "went" was once the past of an old verb "wend" (to go), and English borrowed it for go hundreds of years ago. **Who acts:** forms, English · **What happens:** be, go, borrow · **To what, where:** patchwork, history, past This is a sentence of the lesson «Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other brave mistakes» of the language course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (forms, English), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:language:009-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes.lesson:3 # text = Some forms are patchwork from history: "went" was once the past of an old verb "wend" (to go), and English borrowed it for go hundreds of years ago. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = language # lesson = 009-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ _ 2 forms form NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 patchwork patchwork NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 history history NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 8 " " PUNCT `` _ 9 punct _ _ 9 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 nsubj _ _ 10 " " PUNCT '' _ 9 punct _ _ 11 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 12 once once ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 past past NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 verb verb NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 19 " " PUNCT `` _ 20 punct _ _ 20 wend wend NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 appos _ _ 21 " " PUNCT '' _ 20 punct _ _ 22 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 24 punct _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 go go VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 20 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:parataxis 25 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 24 punct _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 29 borrowed borrow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 30 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ _ 31 for for ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 go go ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nmod _ _ 36 ago ago ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=29:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | some forms | patchwork | | history | | | tree rules | | 2 | **go** *in a quote* | past | | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **is a** | past | | the past | | | | of a old verb; once *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **go** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **borrow** | past | English | past | | | | for go hundreds of years | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:language:009-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/2/) - next →: [Irregular verbs: goed, brung and other…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/language/9-irregular-verbs-goed-brung-and-brave-mistakes/)