---
title: A bus at 40 km an hour leaves 3 hours before a car at 60 km an hour. — Catching up · tree and pragmatics
description: A bus at 40 km an hour leaves 3 hours before a car at 60 km an hour. Who acts: bus. A sentence of the lesson «Catching up» of the lessons course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Catching up, sentence 1

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bus at 40 km an hour leaves 3 hours before a car at 60 km an hour.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** bus · **What happens:** leave · **To what, where:** car

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Catching up» of the lessons course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bus), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:lessons:164-catching-up.lesson:1
# text = A bus at 40 km an hour leaves 3 hours before a car at 60 km an hour.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = lessons
# lesson = 164-catching-up.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	km	km	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:unmarked	_	_
8	leaves	leave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	before	before	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:nmod
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	60	60	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	km	km	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:unmarked	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present | a bus at 40 km  a hour |  |  | a car at 60 km  a hour | hour |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent before car=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:lessons:164-catching-up.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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