---
title: Adding the two circles counts the middle part twice, so the sum is b… — Two circles: how many are in both? · tree and pragmatics
description: Adding the two circles counts the middle part twice, so the sum is bigger than «at least one» by exactly the number in both. Who acts: Adding, sum. A sentence of the lesson «Two circles: how many are in both?» of the lessons course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Two circles: how many are in both?, sentence 1

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Adding the two circles counts the middle part twice, so the sum is bigger than «at least one» by exactly the number in both.

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**Who acts:** Adding, sum · **What happens:** add, count, be · **To what, where:** two circles, middle part

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Two circles: how many are in both?» of the lessons course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Adding, sum), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:lessons:179-venn-both.lesson:1
# text = Adding the two circles counts the middle part twice, so the sum is bigger than «at least one» by exactly the number in both.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = lessons
# lesson = 179-venn-both.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Adding	add	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	circles	circle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	counts	count	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	middle	middle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	5	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:advcl
16	than	than	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	20	nmod	_	_
20	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	obl	_	_
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	25	nmod	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | the two circles |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent circle=Patient |
| 2 | **count** | present | Adding | the middle part |  |  |  | twice *property* | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | the sum |  |  |  |  | than one at least; by the number in both; big *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:lessons:179-venn-both.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Two circles: how many are in both?, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/lessons/179-venn-both/0/)
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- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/lessons/179-venn-both/)