--- title: Constipation means hard poo that is difficult to pass; water, fruit,… — Tummy bugs and tummy aches · tree and pragmatics description: Constipation means hard poo that is difficult to pass; water, fruit, vegetables and wholegrains help, and holding it in makes it worse. Who acts: Constipation, hard poo, water, holding. A sentence of the lesson «Tummy bugs and tummy aches» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school with its dep --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/10-tummy-bugs-and-tummy-aches/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/) / [Tummy bugs and tummy aches](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/10-tummy-bugs-and-tummy-aches/) / 13 # Tummy bugs and tummy aches, sentence 13 Constipation means hard poo that is difficult to pass; water, fruit, vegetables and wholegrains help, and holding it in makes it worse. **Who acts:** Constipation, hard poo, water, holding · **What happens:** mean, be, pass, help, hold in, make · **To what, where:** hard poo, water This is a sentence of the lesson «Tummy bugs and tummy aches» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Constipation, hard poo, water, holding), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:medicine:010-tummy-bugs-and-tummy-aches.lesson:13 # text = Constipation means hard poo that is difficult to pass; water, fruit, vegetables and wholegrains help, and holding it in makes it worse. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = medicine # lesson = 010-tummy-bugs-and-tummy-aches.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Constipation constipation NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 poo poo NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 7 nsubj _ _ 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 7 difficult difficult ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 acl:relcl _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 xcomp _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:conj 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 fruit fruit NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:conj 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 vegetables vegetable NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=15:cc 17 wholegrains wholegrain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 conj _ _ 18 help help VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=21:punct 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=18:cc 21 holding hold VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 24 csubj _ _ 22 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obj _ _ 23 in in ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ _ 24 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ _ 26 worse bad ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 24 xcomp _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Constipation | hard poo | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poo=Topic | | 2 | **is** | present | hard poo | | | | | difficult *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **pass** | to-infinitive | hard poo *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **help** | present | water and fruit | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **hold in** | gerund | | water | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 6 | **make** | present | holding | water | | | | bad *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:010-tummy-bugs-and-tummy-aches.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Tummy bugs and tummy aches, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/10-tummy-bugs-and-tummy-aches/12/) - next →: [Tummy bugs and tummy aches, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/10-tummy-bugs-and-tummy-aches/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/10-tummy-bugs-and-tummy-aches/)