--- title: In asthma the airways in the lungs are extra sensitive: colds, exerc… — Asthma and inhalers · tree and pragmatics description: In asthma the airways in the lungs are extra sensitive: colds, exercise, cold air, dust or smoke make them tighten and swell, causing wheeze, cough and breathlessness. Who acts: airways, colds. A sentence of the lesson «Asthma and inhalers» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school with its de --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/14-asthma-and-inhalers/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/) / [Asthma and inhalers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/14-asthma-and-inhalers/) / 0 # Asthma and inhalers, sentence 0 In asthma the airways in the lungs are extra sensitive: colds, exercise, cold air, dust or smoke make them tighten and swell, causing wheeze, cough and breathlessness. **Who acts:** airways, colds · **What happens:** be, make, tighten, swell, cause · **To what, where:** asthma, airways, wheeze This is a sentence of the lesson «Asthma and inhalers» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (airways, colds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:medicine:014-asthma-and-inhalers.lesson:0 # text = In asthma the airways in the lungs are extra sensitive: colds, exercise, cold air, dust or smoke make them tighten and swell, causing wheeze, cough and breathlessness. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = medicine # lesson = 014-asthma-and-inhalers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 asthma asthma NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 airways airway NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 lungs lung NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 8 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 9 extra extra ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 10 sensitive sensitive ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 11 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 12 colds cold NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 exercise exercise NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 dust dust NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 20 or or CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 smoke smoke NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=19:conj 22 make make VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ _ 23 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 tighten tighten VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 xcomp _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 swell swell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 conj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 causing cause VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 26 advcl _ _ 29 wheeze wheeze NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 cough cough NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 breathlessness breathlessness NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | the airways in the lungs | | | asthma | | extra, sensitive *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **make** | infinitive | colds and exercise and cold air and dust or smoke | airways *= airway* | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **tighten** | infinitive | airways *= airway* *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **swell** | infinitive | airways *= airway* *not said here* | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 5 | **cause** | gerund | airways *= airway* *not said here* | wheeze and cough and breathlessness | | | | | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition wheeze=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:014-asthma-and-inhalers.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Hay fever, allergies and EpiPens, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/13-hay-fever-allergies-and-epipens/17/) - next →: [Asthma and inhalers, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/14-asthma-and-inhalers/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/14-asthma-and-inhalers/)