--- title: New medicines are tested in labs, then in careful trials with volunt… — How medicines work · tree and pragmatics description: New medicines are tested in labs, then in careful trials with volunteers, and checked by regulators before doctors can prescribe them; even natural doesn't always mean safe. Who acts: doctors, natural. A sentence of the lesson «How medicines work» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/17-how-medicines-work/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/) / [How medicines work](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/17-how-medicines-work/) / 3 # How medicines work, sentence 3 New medicines are tested in labs, then in careful trials with volunteers, and checked by regulators before doctors can prescribe them; even natural doesn't always mean safe. **Who acts:** doctors, natural · **What happens:** test, check, prescribe, not mean · **To what, where:** New medicines, labs, medicine This is a sentence of the lesson «How medicines work» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (doctors, natural), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:medicine:017-how-medicines-work.lesson:3 # text = New medicines are tested in labs, then in careful trials with volunteers, and checked by regulators before doctors can prescribe them; even natural doesn't always mean safe. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = medicine # lesson = 017-how-medicines-work.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 New new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 medicines medicine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 tested test VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 labs lab NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 8 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 11 advmod _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 careful careful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 trials trial NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 12 with with ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 volunteers volunteer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 checked check VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 conj _ _ 17 by by ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 regulators regulator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl:agent _ _ 19 before before SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 20 doctors doctor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 21 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 prescribe prescribe VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 advcl _ _ 23 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 25 even even ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 nsubj _ _ 27 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 28 n't not PART RB Polarity=Neg 30 advmod _ _ 29 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 30 advmod _ _ 30 mean mean VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 parataxis _ _ 31 safe safe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 xcomp _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **test** | present · passive | | New medicines | | labs | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **check** | participle | | | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **prescribe** | can | doctors | medicine | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **not** **mean** | present · do-support | natural | | | | | always, safe *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:017-how-medicines-work.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How medicines work, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/17-how-medicines-work/2/) - next →: [How medicines work, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/17-how-medicines-work/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/17-how-medicines-work/)