--- title: Antibiotic resistance means the bacteria change so the medicine stop… — Antibiotics, viruses and side effects · tree and pragmatics description: Antibiotic resistance means the bacteria change so the medicine stops working; it is the bacteria that become resistant, not the person's body. Who acts: Antibiotic resistance, bacteria, medicine, resistance. A sentence of the lesson «Antibiotics, viruses and side effects» of the medicine course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/) / [Antibiotics, viruses and side effects](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects/) / 8 # Antibiotics, viruses and side effects, sentence 8 Antibiotic resistance means the bacteria change so the medicine stops working; it is the bacteria that become resistant, not the person's body. **Who acts:** Antibiotic resistance, bacteria, medicine, resistance · **What happens:** mean, change, stop, work, be, become · **To what, where:** bacteria · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Antibiotics, viruses and side effects» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antibiotic resistance, bacteria, medicine, resistance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:medicine:019-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects.lesson:8 # text = Antibiotic resistance means the bacteria change so the medicine stops working; it is the bacteria that become resistant, not the person's body. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = medicine # lesson = 019-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4 1 Antibiotic antibiotic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 2 resistance resistance NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:det 5 bacteria bacterium NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 6 change change VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 7 so so SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 medicine medicine NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 10 stops stop VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 advcl _ _ 11 working work VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 10 xcomp _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 bacteria bacteria NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 17 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 nsubj _ _ 18 become become VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 acl:relcl _ _ 19 resistant resistant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 xcomp _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 25 advmod _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod:poss _ _ 24 's 's PART POS _ 23 case _ _ 25 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Antibiotic resistance | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **change** | present | the bacteria | | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **stop** | present | the medicine | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality | | 4 | **work** | gerund | the medicine *not said here* | | | | | | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is a** | present | resistance | the bacteria | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **become** | present | the bacteria | | | | | resistant *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:019-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Antibiotics, viruses and side effects, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects/7/) - next →: [Antibiotics, viruses and side effects, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/19-antibiotics-viruses-and-side-effects/)