---
title: A cataract is when the lens inside the eye becomes cloudy, usually w… — The optician and glasses · tree and pragmatics
description: A cataract is when the lens inside the eye becomes cloudy, usually with age, and surgeons replace it with a clear plastic lens in a short operation; cataracts are not catching and don't spread like a cold. Who acts: cataract, surgeons, cataracts. A sentence of the lesson «The optician and glasses» o
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/27-the-optician-and-glasses/13/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/) / [The optician and glasses](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/27-the-optician-and-glasses/) / 13

# The optician and glasses, sentence 13

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cataract is when the lens inside the eye becomes cloudy, usually with age, and surgeons replace it with a clear plastic lens in a short operation; cataracts are not catching and don't spread like a cold.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cataract, surgeons, cataracts · **What happens:** be, replace, not catch, not spread · **To what, where:** lens, short operation

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «The optician and glasses» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cataract, surgeons, cataracts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:medicine:027-the-optician-and-glasses.lesson:13
# text = A cataract is when the lens inside the eye becomes cloudy, usually with age, and surgeons replace it with a clear plastic lens in a short operation; cataracts are not catching and don't spread like a cold.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = medicine
# lesson = 027-the-optician-and-glasses.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cataract	cataract	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lens	lens	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	cloudy	cloudy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	surgeons	surgeon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
19	replace	replace	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
24	plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	lens	lens	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:nmod
30	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	cataracts	cataract	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nsubj	_	_
32	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
33	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	34	advmod	_	_
34	catching	catch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
36	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=38:aux|HaikuPos=AUX:VB:VerbForm=Inf
37	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	38	advmod	_	_
38	spread	spread	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	conj	_	_
39	like	like	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a cataract |  |  |  |  | become, cloudy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **replace** | present | surgeons | lens |  | a short operation |  | with a clear plastic lens | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme it=Location with lens=Co-Theme |
| 3 | **not** **catch** | present · progressive | cataracts |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **not** **spread** | present · do-support | cataracts *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a cold | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:027-the-optician-and-glasses.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The optician and glasses, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/27-the-optician-and-glasses/12/)
- next →: [The optician and glasses, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/27-the-optician-and-glasses/14/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/27-the-optician-and-glasses/)