--- title: Sprains, strains and bruises — a lesson of Mova's school · trees and pragmatics description: «Sprains, strains and bruises», a lesson of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, sentence by sentence with dependency trees and pragmatics. It begins: A sprain is a joint injury: the ligaments, strong straps that hold bones together, get stretched or torn a little, like when you twist your --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/) / Sprains, strains and bruises # Sprains, strains and bruises Lesson 3 of the medicine course of Mova's primary school: 15 sentences, each with its syntax tree and pragmatics. The lessons are written for Mova, and their agreed trees are part of Mova corpus 0.4 (CC BY-SA 4.0). How Mova does on its tests: [the lesson at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/). - [0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/0/) — A sprain is a joint injury: the ligaments, strong straps that hold bones together, get stretched or torn a little, like when you twist your ankle in football. - [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/1/) — A strain is a muscle injury: some muscle fibres are overstretched, often when you sprint before warming up. - [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/2/) — A bruise is blood leaking from tiny broken vessels under the skin, and it changes colour, purple, blue, green, yellow, as the body cleans it up. - [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/3/) — In the first day or two, rest, something cold wrapped in a cloth for 15 to 20 minutes, and keeping it raised help the swelling. - [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/4/) — Running it off is a myth; carrying on playing on a sprain can make it worse. - [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/6/) — A strain means some fibres in a muscle have been overstretched or torn; most strains heal in one to three weeks; rest it first, then move it gently, but do not stretch it hard. - [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/7/) — Cold narrows blood vessels and slows swelling and pain in the first day or two after an injury. - [8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/8/) — Ice or frozen peas should be wrapped in a cloth and used for about 15 to 20 minutes at a time, because ice on bare skin can burn. - [9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/9/) — A bruise is blood leaked from tiny broken blood vessels, and it turns from purple to blue, green and yellow as it heals. - [10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/10/) — Bruises on shins and knees are normal in active children; lots of bruises in odd places, or bruises someone caused, should be told to a trusted adult; pressing or rubbing a bruise does not make it heal faster. - [11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/11/) — The funny bone is not a bone but a nerve running over the elbow close to the skin, on its way to the little finger. - [12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/12/) — A black eye spreads easily because the skin round the eye is thin and loose; a raw steak is a film joke, not a treatment. - [13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/13/) — Growing pains are aches in both legs in the evening or night in children aged about 3 to 12; nobody is sure of the cause, but it is not bones growing too fast; leg pain with swelling, a limp or a fever is not growing pains and needs a doctor. - [14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/14/) — A jammed finger should not be pulled hard; one that looks bent or will not straighten needs an X-ray. - [15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/15/) — If you cannot walk on a twisted ankle at all, a doctor should check it. - ← previous: [The cast: itching, signing and the saw](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/2-the-cast-itching-signing-and-the-saw/) - next →: [Cuts, grazes, stitches and splinters](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/4-cuts-grazes-stitches-and-splinters/) - ↑ back to [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/)