---
title: A strain is a muscle injury: some muscle fibres are overstretched, o… — Sprains, strains and bruises · tree and pragmatics
description: A strain is a muscle injury: some muscle fibres are overstretched, often when you sprint before warming up. Who acts: strain, you. A sentence of the lesson «Sprains, strains and bruises» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Sprains, strains and bruises, sentence 1

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A strain is a muscle injury: some muscle fibres are overstretched, often when you sprint before warming up.

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**Who acts:** strain, you · **What happens:** be, overstretch, sprint, warm up · **To what, where:** muscle injury, muscle fibres

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Sprains, strains and bruises» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strain, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:medicine:003-sprains-strains-and-bruises.lesson:1
# text = A strain is a muscle injury: some muscle fibres are overstretched, often when you sprint before warming up.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = medicine
# lesson = 003-sprains-strains-and-bruises.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	strain	strain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	muscle	muscle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
8	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
9	muscle	muscle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	fibres	fibre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	overstretched	overstretch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	often	often	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
15	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	sprint	sprint	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
18	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	warming	warm	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
20	up	up	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a strain | a muscle injury |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **overstretch** | present · passive |  | some muscle fibres |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **sprint** | present | you |  |  |  |  | often *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **warm up** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:003-sprains-strains-and-bruises.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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