--- title: When fighting an infection the immune system releases chemical messe… — Why we sleep when ill · tree and pragmatics description: When fighting an infection the immune system releases chemical messengers, called cytokines, that make you sleepy so the body can save energy. Who acts: immune system, chemical messengers, body. A sentence of the lesson «Why we sleep when ill» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/31-why-we-sleep-when-ill/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/) / [Why we sleep when ill](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/31-why-we-sleep-when-ill/) / 4 # Why we sleep when ill, sentence 4 When fighting an infection the immune system releases chemical messengers, called cytokines, that make you sleepy so the body can save energy. **Who acts:** immune system, chemical messengers, body · **What happens:** fight, release, call, make, save · **To what, where:** infection, chemical messengers, cytokines, you, energy · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Why we sleep when ill» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (immune system, chemical messengers, body), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:medicine:031-why-we-sleep-when-ill.lesson:4 # text = When fighting an infection the immune system releases chemical messengers, called cytokines, that make you sleepy so the body can save energy. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = medicine # lesson = 031-why-we-sleep-when-ill.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 When when SCONJ WRB _ 2 mark _ _ 2 fighting fight VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 8 advcl _ _ 3 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 infection infection NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 immune immune NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 8 releases release VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 chemical chemical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 messengers messenger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 acl _ _ 13 cytokines cytokine NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 xcomp _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 15 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 16 nsubj _ _ 16 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 acl:relcl _ _ 17 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ _ 18 sleepy sleepy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 xcomp _ _ 19 so so SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 22 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 save save VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:advcl 24 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fight** | gerund | the immune system *not said here* | a infection | | | | | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent infection=Co-Agent | | 2 | **release** | present | the immune system | chemical messengers | | | | | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer messenger=Source | | 3 | **call** | participle | chemical messengers *not said here* | cytokines | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **make** | present | chemical messengers | you | | | | sleepy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product | | 5 | **save** | can | the body | energy | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:031-why-we-sleep-when-ill.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Why we sleep when ill, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/31-why-we-sleep-when-ill/3/) - next →: [Why we sleep when ill, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/31-why-we-sleep-when-ill/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/31-why-we-sleep-when-ill/)