--- title: Cramp is a muscle suddenly tightening and not relaxing; tired, overw… — Warming up, stitches and cramp · tree and pragmatics description: Cramp is a muscle suddenly tightening and not relaxing; tired, overworked muscles cramp more easily, and it is usually not a tear; it usually passes in minutes, though the muscle can ache afterwards. Who acts: Cramp, muscle, tired overworked muscles. A sentence of the lesson «Warming up, stitches an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/37-warming-up-stitches-and-cramp/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/) / [Warming up, stitches and cramp](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/37-warming-up-stitches-and-cramp/) / 14 # Warming up, stitches and cramp, sentence 14 Cramp is a muscle suddenly tightening and not relaxing; tired, overworked muscles cramp more easily, and it is usually not a tear; it usually passes in minutes, though the muscle can ache afterwards. **Who acts:** Cramp, muscle, tired overworked muscles · **What happens:** be, tighten, not relaxing, cramp, not be, pass · **To what, where:** muscle, tear This is a sentence of the lesson «Warming up, stitches and cramp» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cramp, muscle, tired overworked muscles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:medicine:037-warming-up-stitches-and-cramp.lesson:14 # text = Cramp is a muscle suddenly tightening and not relaxing; tired, overworked muscles cramp more easily, and it is usually not a tear; it usually passes in minutes, though the muscle can ache afterwards. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = medicine # lesson = 037-warming-up-stitches-and-cramp.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Cramp cramp NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 muscle muscle NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 5 suddenly suddenly ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 tightening tighten VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 acl _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 8 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 9 advmod _ _ 9 relaxing relaxing VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:xcomp 10 ; ; PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 tired tired ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 overworked overwork ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=14:amod|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 muscles muscle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 15 cramp cramp VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 16 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 17 advmod _ _ 17 easily easily ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 22 usually usually ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 23 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 25 advmod _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 tear tear NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 conj _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 28 usually usually ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 passes pass VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 minutes minute NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 33 though though SCONJ IN _ 37 mark _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 muscle muscle NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 36 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 37 ache ache VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 advcl _ _ 38 afterwards afterwards ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Cramp | a muscle | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **tighten** | gerund | a muscle *not said here* | | | | | suddenly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **not** **relaxing** | gerund | a muscle *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **cramp** | present | tired overworked muscles | | | | | easily *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **not** **is a** | present | Cramp | a tear | | | | usually *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **pass** | present | Cramp | | | | minute | usually *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **ache** | can | the muscle | | | | | afterwards *property* | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:037-warming-up-stitches-and-cramp.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Warming up, stitches and cramp, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/37-warming-up-stitches-and-cramp/12/) - next →: [Warming up, stitches and cramp, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/37-warming-up-stitches-and-cramp/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/37-warming-up-stitches-and-cramp/)