--- title: Signs of a broken bone include a crack heard, an odd shape, not bein… — Broken bones in sport: fingers, wrists and colla… · tree and pragmatics description: Signs of a broken bone include a crack heard, an odd shape, not being able to use the limb, pain right on the bone and fast swelling; people can often still move a broken bone. Who acts: Signs, people. A sentence of the lesson «Broken bones in sport: fingers, wrists and collarbones» of the medicine --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/48-broken-bones-in-sport-fingers-wrists-and-collarbones/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/) / [Broken bones in sport: fingers, wrists…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/48-broken-bones-in-sport-fingers-wrists-and-collarbones/) / 7 # Broken bones in sport: fingers, wrists and collarbones, sentence 7 Signs of a broken bone include a crack heard, an odd shape, not being able to use the limb, pain right on the bone and fast swelling; people can often still move a broken bone. **Who acts:** Signs, people · **What happens:** break, include, hear, not be, use, move · **To what, where:** crack, limb, broken bone This is a sentence of the lesson «Broken bones in sport: fingers, wrists and collarbones» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Signs, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:medicine:048-broken-bones-in-sport-fingers-wrists-and-collarbones.lesson:7 # text = Signs of a broken bone include a crack heard, an odd shape, not being able to use the limb, pain right on the bone and fast swelling; people can often still move a broken bone. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = medicine # lesson = 048-broken-bones-in-sport-fingers-wrists-and-collarbones.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Signs sign NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 broken break VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 5 bone bone NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 6 include include VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:det 8 crack crack NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:compound 9 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 odd odd ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 shape shape NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 15 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 17 advmod _ _ 16 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 cop _ _ 17 able able ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 parataxis _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 use use VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 xcomp _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 limb limb NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 pain pain NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj _ _ 24 right right ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 25 on on ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 bone bone NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:obl 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 fast fast ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=30:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:Degree=Pos 30 swelling swelling NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 31 ; ; PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 32 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nsubj _ _ 33 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 34 often often ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 35 still still ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 36 move move VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 parataxis _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 38 broken broken ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 bone bone NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **break** | participle | | | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **include** | present | Signs of a broken bone | a crack | | | | | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crack=Theme | | 3 | **hear** | participle | | a crack *not said here* | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | | 4 | **not** **is** | gerund | | | | | | able *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **use** | to-infinitive | | the limb and pain on the bone | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent limb=Patient | | 6 | **move** | can | people | a broken bone | | | still | often *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent bone=Theme | | 7 | **sign** | | | a broken bone | | | | | nom sign «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:048-broken-bones-in-sport-fingers-wrists-and-collarbones.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Broken bones in sport: fingers, wrists…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/48-broken-bones-in-sport-fingers-wrists-and-collarbones/5/) - next →: [Broken bones in sport: fingers, wrists…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/48-broken-bones-in-sport-fingers-wrists-and-collarbones/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/48-broken-bones-in-sport-fingers-wrists-and-collarbones/)