--- title: A cold is an infection of the nose and throat by one of more than 20… — Colds and flu · tree and pragmatics description: A cold is an infection of the nose and throat by one of more than 200 viruses; the runny nose is your body washing the viruses out. Who acts: cold, runny nose, body. A sentence of the lesson «Colds and flu» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/7-colds-and-flu/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/) / [Colds and flu](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/7-colds-and-flu/) / 0 # Colds and flu, sentence 0 A cold is an infection of the nose and throat by one of more than 200 viruses; the runny nose is your body washing the viruses out. **Who acts:** cold, runny nose, body · **What happens:** be, wash out · **To what, where:** infection, body, viruses This is a sentence of the lesson «Colds and flu» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cold, runny nose, body), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:medicine:007-colds-and-flu.lesson:0 # text = A cold is an infection of the nose and throat by one of more than 200 viruses; the runny nose is your body washing the viruses out. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = medicine # lesson = 007-colds-and-flu.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 cold cold NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 infection infection NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 nose nose NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 throat throat NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj _ _ 11 by by ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 5 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:obl 13 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 14 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV 16 advmod _ _ 15 than than ADP IN _ 14 fixed _ _ 16 200 200 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 nummod _ _ 17 viruses virus NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 runny runny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 nose nose NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 22 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 cop _ _ 23 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 25 washing wash VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 24 acl _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 viruses virus NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 28 out out ADP RP _ 25 compound:prt _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a cold | a infection | | | | of the nose and throat; by one of 200 viruses | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | present | the runny nose | your body | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **wash out** | gerund | your body *not said here* | the viruses | | | | | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent virus=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:007-colds-and-flu.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Burns, sunburn and stings, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/6-burns-sunburn-and-stings/17/) - next →: [Colds and flu, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/7-colds-and-flu/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/7-colds-and-flu/)