---
title: You catch a cold from other people's viruses, not from wet hair or c… — Colds and flu · tree and pragmatics
description: You catch a cold from other people's viruses, not from wet hair or cold weather; colds are commoner in winter mostly because people crowd together indoors. Who acts: You, colds, people. A sentence of the lesson «Colds and flu» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree 
---

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# Colds and flu, sentence 1

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You catch a cold from other people's viruses, not from wet hair or cold weather; colds are commoner in winter mostly because people crowd together indoors.

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**Who acts:** You, colds, people · **What happens:** catch, be, crowd together · **To what, where:** cold, viruses

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Colds and flu» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, colds, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:medicine:007-colds-and-flu.lesson:1
# text = You catch a cold from other people's viruses, not from wet hair or cold weather; colds are commoner in winter mostly because people crowd together indoors.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = medicine
# lesson = 007-colds-and-flu.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	catch	catch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	viruses	virus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	colds	cold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
20	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	commoner	common	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	parataxis	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=21:nmod
24	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
25	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
26	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
27	crowd	crowd	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	advcl	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=21:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf
28	together	together	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
29	indoors	indoors	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | present | You | a cold |  | other people's viruses |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent cold=Theme from virus=Source |
| 2 | **is** | present | colds |  |  |  | winter | common *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **crowd together** | present | people |  |  |  |  | indoors, mostly, together *property* | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:007-colds-and-flu.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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