---
title: Antibiotics kill bacteria, not viruses, so they do nothing for a col… — Colds and flu · tree and pragmatics
description: Antibiotics kill bacteria, not viruses, so they do nothing for a cold, even when the snot turns green. Who acts: Antibiotics, snot. A sentence of the lesson «Colds and flu» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Colds and flu, sentence 2

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Antibiotics kill bacteria, not viruses, so they do nothing for a cold, even when the snot turns green.

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**Who acts:** Antibiotics, snot · **What happens:** kill, do, turn · **To what, where:** bacteria, nothing

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Colds and flu» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antibiotics, snot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:medicine:007-colds-and-flu.lesson:2
# text = Antibiotics kill bacteria, not viruses, so they do nothing for a cold, even when the snot turns green.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = medicine
# lesson = 007-colds-and-flu.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Antibiotics	antibiotic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kill	kill	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bacteria	bacteria	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	viruses	virus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	10	obj	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	even	even	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
17	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	snot	snot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:conj
21	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	xcomp	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kill** | present | Antibiotics | bacteria and viruses |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bacteria=Theme |
| 2 | **do** | present | Antibiotics *= antibiotic* | nothing |  |  |  | for a cold | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality |
| 3 | **turn** | present | the snot |  |  |  |  | green *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:007-colds-and-flu.lesson:2`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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