---
title: Antibiotics work on bacteria, not on viruses; colds, flu and most so… — Olympiad: odd one out, the right order and tall… · tree and pragmatics
description: Antibiotics work on bacteria, not on viruses; colds, flu and most sore throats are caused by viruses. Who acts: Antibiotics, viruses. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: odd one out, the right order and tall tales ★★★» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/77-olympiad-odd-one-out-order-and-tall-tales/4/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/) / [Olympiad: odd one out, the right order…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/77-olympiad-odd-one-out-order-and-tall-tales/) / 4

# Olympiad: odd one out, the right order and tall tales ★★★, sentence 4

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Antibiotics work on bacteria, not on viruses; colds, flu and most sore throats are caused by viruses.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Antibiotics, viruses · **What happens:** work, cause · **To what, where:** colds

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: odd one out, the right order and tall tales ★★★» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antibiotics, viruses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:medicine:077-olympiad-odd-one-out-order-and-tall-tales.lesson:4
# text = Antibiotics work on bacteria, not on viruses; colds, flu and most sore throats are caused by viruses.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = medicine
# lesson = 077-olympiad-odd-one-out-order-and-tall-tales.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2
1	Antibiotics	antibiotic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	work	work	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	bacteria	bacteria	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	viruses	virus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	colds	cold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj:pass	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	flu	flu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:conj
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	15	advmod	_	_
15	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	throats	throat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	viruses	virus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | Antibiotics |  |  |  |  | on bacteria and viruses | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on bacteria=Theme |
| 2 | **cause** | present · passive | viruses | colds and flu |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:medicine:077-olympiad-odd-one-out-order-and-tall-tales.lesson:4`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Olympiad: odd one out, the right order…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/77-olympiad-odd-one-out-order-and-tall-tales/3/)
- next →: [Olympiad: odd one out, the right order…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/77-olympiad-odd-one-out-order-and-tall-tales/5/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/medicine/77-olympiad-odd-one-out-order-and-tall-tales/)