---
title: A bill is a request to pay for something you have used, such as elec… — Bills: rent, mortgage, energy, water, phone, cou… · tree and pragmatics
description: A bill is a request to pay for something you have used, such as electricity, gas, water or a phone. Who acts: bill, you. A sentence of the lesson «Bills: rent, mortgage, energy, water, phone, council tax» of the money course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# Bills: rent, mortgage, energy, water, phone, council tax, sentence 5

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A bill is a request to pay for something you have used, such as electricity, gas, water or a phone.

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**Who acts:** bill, you · **What happens:** be, pay, use · **To what, where:** request

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Bills: rent, mortgage, energy, water, phone, council tax» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bill, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:money:021-bills-rent-mortgage-energy-water-council-tax.lesson:5
# text = A bill is a request to pay for something you have used, such as electricity, gas, water or a phone.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = money
# lesson = 021-bills-rent-mortgage-energy-water-council-tax.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bill	bill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	request	request	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a bill | a request |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | for something | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for something=Theme |
| 3 | **use** | present · perfect | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:money:021-bills-rent-mortgage-energy-water-council-tax.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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