---
title: A start-up is a new business; many lose money at first, like costs o… — The school fair, famous companies and being your… · tree and pragmatics
description: A start-up is a new business; many lose money at first, like costs of £20,000 and takings of £15,000, a loss of £5,000. Who acts: start up, many. A sentence of the lesson «The school fair, famous companies and being your own boss» of the money course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree
---

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# The school fair, famous companies and being your own boss, sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A start-up is a new business; many lose money at first, like costs of £20,000 and takings of £15,000, a loss of £5,000.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** start up, many · **What happens:** be, lose · **To what, where:** new business, money

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «The school fair, famous companies and being your own boss» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (start up, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:money:032-the-school-fair-famous-companies-and-being-your-own-boss.lesson:12
# text = A start-up is a new business; many lose money at first, like costs of £20,000 and takings of £15,000, a loss of £5,000.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = money
# lesson = 032-the-school-fair-famous-companies-and-being-your-own-boss.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	start	start	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	_
4	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	nsubj	_	_
11	lose	lose	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
12	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	costs	cost	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	£	£	SYM	$	_	17	nmod	_	_
20	20,000	20000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	takings	taking	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	conj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	£	£	SYM	$	_	22	nmod	_	_
25	15,000	15000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	£	£	SYM	$	_	28	nmod	_	_
31	5,000	5000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	30	nummod	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a start up | a new business |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lose** | present | many | money |  |  |  | like costs and takings and a loss | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:money:032-the-school-fair-famous-companies-and-being-your-own-boss.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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