--- title: Experts argue about what causes prices to jump fast; to slow them do… — Inflation explained with a chocolate bar · tree and pragmatics description: Experts argue about what causes prices to jump fast; to slow them down the central bank can make borrowing dearer, which helps savers but hurts families paying back a mortgage. Who acts: Experts, prices, central bank, families. A sentence of the lesson «Inflation explained with a chocolate bar» of t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/34-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Money](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/) / [Inflation explained with a chocolate bar](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/34-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar/) / 4 # Inflation explained with a chocolate bar, sentence 4 Experts argue about what causes prices to jump fast; to slow them down the central bank can make borrowing dearer, which helps savers but hurts families paying back a mortgage. **Who acts:** Experts, prices, central bank, families · **What happens:** argue, cause, jump, slow down, make, borrow · **To what, where:** prices, savers, families, mortgage · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Inflation explained with a chocolate bar» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Experts, prices, central bank, families), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:money:034-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar.lesson:4 # text = Experts argue about what causes prices to jump fast; to slow them down the central bank can make borrowing dearer, which helps savers but hurts families paying back a mortgage. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = money # lesson = 034-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Experts expert NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 argue argue VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 about about SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 4 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 5 nsubj _ _ 5 causes cause VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ _ 6 prices price NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 jump jump VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:acl 9 fast fast ADV RB Degree=Pos 8 advmod _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 11 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 12 slow slow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 13 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ _ 14 down down ADP RP _ 12 compound:prt _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 central central ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 bank bank NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 18 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _ 20 borrowing borrow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 19 obj _ _ 21 dearer dear ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 19 xcomp _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 nsubj _ _ 24 helps help VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 25 savers saver NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 26 but but CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 hurts hurt VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 28 families family NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 29 paying pay VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 28 acl _ _ 30 back back ADP RP _ 29 compound:prt _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=29:compound:prt|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 mortgage mortgage NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=29:obl 33 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present | Experts | | | | | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **cause** | present | | prices | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **jump** | to-infinitive | prices *not said here* | | | | | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **slow down** | to-infinitive | | prices *= price* | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient | | 5 | **make** | can | the central bank | | | | | dear *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 6 | **borrow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **help** | present | | savers | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saver=Beneficiary | | 8 | **hurt** | present | | families | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer family=Patient | | 9 | **pay back** | gerund | families *not said here* | a mortgage | | | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mortgage=Asset | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:money:034-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Inflation explained with a chocolate bar, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/34-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar/3/) - next →: [Inflation explained with a chocolate bar, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/34-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/34-inflation-explained-with-a-chocolate-bar/)