--- title: The economic cycle is the ups and downs of the economy: a boom is go… — Unemployment: when jobs are lost · tree and pragmatics description: The economic cycle is the ups and downs of the economy: a boom is good times and a recession is bad times; unemployment falling from 6 in 100 to 4 in 100 is a sign of better times. Who acts: economic cycle, boom, recession, unemployment. A sentence of the lesson «Unemployment: when jobs are lost» of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/35-unemployment-when-jobs-are-lost/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Money](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/) / [Unemployment: when jobs are lost](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/35-unemployment-when-jobs-are-lost/) / 12 # Unemployment: when jobs are lost, sentence 12 The economic cycle is the ups and downs of the economy: a boom is good times and a recession is bad times; unemployment falling from 6 in 100 to 4 in 100 is a sign of better times. **Who acts:** economic cycle, boom, recession, unemployment · **What happens:** be, fall · **To what, where:** ups, good times, bad times, 6, sign This is a sentence of the lesson «Unemployment: when jobs are lost» of the money course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (economic cycle, boom, recession, unemployment), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:money:035-unemployment-when-jobs-are-lost.lesson:12 # text = The economic cycle is the ups and downs of the economy: a boom is good times and a recession is bad times; unemployment falling from 6 in 100 to 4 in 100 is a sign of better times. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = money # lesson = 035-unemployment-when-jobs-are-lost.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 economic economic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 cycle cycle NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 ups up NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 parataxis _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 downs down NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 conj _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 economy economy NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:nmod 12 : : PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 boom boom NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 15 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop _ _ 16 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 recession recession NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 22 bad bad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 conj _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 25 unemployment unemployment NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 26 falling fall VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 25 acl _ _ 27 from from ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 6 6 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 26 obl _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 28 nmod _ _ 31 to to ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 4 4 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 28 nmod _ _ 33 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 32 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:nmod 35 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 36 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 sign sign NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 40 amod _ _ 40 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nmod _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=37:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the economic cycle | the ups and downs | | | | of the economy | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | present | a boom | good times and bad times | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **is a** | present | a recession | bad times | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **fall** | gerund | unemployment *not said here* | | | 6 in 100 to 4 in 100 | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from 6=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **is a** | present | unemployment | a sign | | | time | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:money:035-unemployment-when-jobs-are-lost.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Unemployment: when jobs are lost, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/35-unemployment-when-jobs-are-lost/11/) - next →: [Unemployment: when jobs are lost, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/35-unemployment-when-jobs-are-lost/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/money/35-unemployment-when-jobs-are-lost/)